Glossary Terms
New to avalanche safety? Reading an avalanche forecast can feel like learning a new language. Understanding key terms is the first step to identifying avalanche terrain and making informed decisions in the backcountry.
This glossary breaks down key concepts like avalanche size, slope angle, aspect, triggers, elevation and terrain traps. These terms are the building blocks of avalanche awareness.
By learning these fundamental concepts, you’ll be better prepared to understand the forecast, identify hazards and recognise avalanche terrain.
Episodes
Understanding Avalanches
Learn what an avalanche is, including how they occur and the names used to describe their anatomy.
Avalanche Size
Avalanche size is rated on a globally recognised scale. This episode helps you to understand the different size classifications and how these may affect your trip.
Aspect
‘Aspect’ is fundamental to identifying and understanding avalanche terrain. Learn what ‘aspect’ refers to, how to determine the aspect of a slope, and how to use this information for your trip planning and terrain choice.
Angle
The angle of a slope is critical for assessing if you are in, above or below avalanche terrain. Learn how to measure the angle of a slope and understand how this could affect your route selection.
Elevation
At first glance, elevation may seem a simple concept. However, in the world of avalanche safety, it is a little more complex and plays a critical role in identifying avalanche terrain. In this episode, discover the effect elevation has on snow stability and how we account for different elevations in the NZAA forecasts.
Triggers
The trigger of an avalanche can vary widely. In this episode, learn why and how an avalanche is triggered and what some of the common triggers are, so you can be aware when you’re in the backcountry.
Terrain Traps
The term terrain trap is often used in the NZAA forecasts. An understanding of terrain traps is key to applying the forecast to your route and selecting a safe ascent or descent. In this episode, learn what terrain traps are and the implications they may have if you are caught in a slide, plus some simple tips to reduce your risk.
Further Resources
- View your local avalanche forecast here
- Complete our Online Avalanche Course
- Get the hands-on training necessary to be safe in avalanche terrain from one of our trusted course providers
- Read our ‘User’s guide to understanding the NZ Avalanche Advisory’
More in the Series
- Avalanche Problem Types | Learn about the 9 avalanche problem types so you can understand the dangers, spot the warning signs, and make safer route selections in the backcountry.
- Understanding the NZAA | This guide breaks down the NZAA forecast so you can interpret avalanche information and make informed decisions on your adventures.
- Practical Tips and Travel Techniques | Take your Avalanche IQ from the forecast to the field with practical tips, travel techniques, and key skills to manage avalanche risk in real time.